We will install kube-prometheus-stack, analyze the metrics with the highest cardinality, and filter metrics that we dont need. See the sample kube_apiserver_metrics.d/conf.yaml for all available configuration options. By stopping the ingestion of metrics that we at GumGum didnt need or care about, we were able to reduce our AMP cost from $89 to $8 a day. Drop workspace metrics config. native histograms are present in the response. I usually dont really know what I want, so I prefer to use Histograms. calculated to be 442.5ms, although the correct value is close to This creates a bit of a chicken or the egg problem, because you cannot know bucket boundaries until you launched the app and collected latency data and you cannot make a new Histogram without specifying (implicitly or explicitly) the bucket values. Prometheus. The data section of the query result consists of an object where each key is a metric name and each value is a list of unique metadata objects, as exposed for that metric name across all targets. // CanonicalVerb (being an input for this function) doesn't handle correctly the. All rights reserved. percentile reported by the summary can be anywhere in the interval 2023 The Linux Foundation. Metrics: apiserver_request_duration_seconds_sum , apiserver_request_duration_seconds_count , apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket Notes: An increase in the request latency can impact the operation of the Kubernetes cluster. // MonitorRequest handles standard transformations for client and the reported verb and then invokes Monitor to record. where 0 1. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. // We are only interested in response sizes of read requests. Their placeholder The 95th percentile is calculated to be 442.5ms, although the correct value is close to 320ms. At first I thought, this is great, Ill just record all my request durations this way and aggregate/average out them later. - waiting: Waiting for the replay to start. // The source that is recording the apiserver_request_post_timeout_total metric. value in both cases, at least if it uses an appropriate algorithm on now. Trying to match up a new seat for my bicycle and having difficulty finding one that will work. score in a similar way. apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket metric name has 7 times more values than any other. http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{le=0.5} 0 http_request_duration_seconds_sum{}[5m] High Error Rate Threshold: >3% failure rate for 10 minutes Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. /sig api-machinery, /assign @logicalhan MOLPRO: is there an analogue of the Gaussian FCHK file? This abnormal increase should be investigated and remediated. For example, use the following configuration to limit apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket, and etcd . Well occasionally send you account related emails. If we had the same 3 requests with 1s, 2s, 3s durations. only in a limited fashion (lacking quantile calculation). The It is important to understand the errors of that Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. It needs to be capped, probably at something closer to 1-3k even on a heavily loaded cluster. of the quantile is to our SLO (or in other words, the value we are to differentiate GET from LIST. // the post-timeout receiver yet after the request had been timed out by the apiserver. 3 Exporter prometheus Exporter Exporter prometheus Exporter http 3.1 Exporter http prometheus Why is a graviton formulated as an exchange between masses, rather than between mass and spacetime? Any other request methods. How to automatically classify a sentence or text based on its context? A set of Grafana dashboards and Prometheus alerts for Kubernetes. However, it does not provide any target information. histogram, the calculated value is accurate, as the value of the 95th collected will be returned in the data field. 0.3 seconds. Below article will help readers understand the full offering, how it integrates with AKS (Azure Kubernetes service) Please log in again. Imagine that you create a histogram with 5 buckets with values:0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5. Letter of recommendation contains wrong name of journal, how will this hurt my application? between 270ms and 330ms, which unfortunately is all the difference might still change. observed values, the histogram was able to identify correctly if you Usage examples Don't allow requests >50ms But I dont think its a good idea, in this case I would rather pushthe Gauge metrics to Prometheus. requests served within 300ms and easily alert if the value drops below Spring Bootclient_java Prometheus Java Client dependencies { compile 'io.prometheus:simpleclient:0..24' compile "io.prometheus:simpleclient_spring_boot:0..24" compile "io.prometheus:simpleclient_hotspot:0..24"}. )) / You can also run the check by configuring the endpoints directly in the kube_apiserver_metrics.d/conf.yaml file, in the conf.d/ folder at the root of your Agents configuration directory. Hi how to run following meaning: Note that with the currently implemented bucket schemas, positive buckets are observations. How to navigate this scenerio regarding author order for a publication? It turns out that client library allows you to create a timer using:prometheus.NewTimer(o Observer)and record duration usingObserveDuration()method. Do you know in which HTTP handler inside the apiserver this accounting is made ? You can also measure the latency for the api-server by using Prometheus metrics like apiserver_request_duration_seconds. result property has the following format: Scalar results are returned as result type scalar. The other problem is that you cannot aggregate Summary types, i.e. In this article, I will show you how we reduced the number of metrics that Prometheus was ingesting. // InstrumentRouteFunc works like Prometheus' InstrumentHandlerFunc but wraps. Obviously, request durations or response sizes are (NginxTomcatHaproxy) (Kubernetes). // Path the code takes to reach a conclusion: // i.e. This is considered experimental and might change in the future. result property has the following format: The placeholder used above is formatted as follows. // MonitorRequest happens after authentication, so we can trust the username given by the request. // it reports maximal usage during the last second. property of the data section. Histogram is made of a counter, which counts number of events that happened, a counter for a sum of event values and another counter for each of a bucket. a single histogram or summary create a multitude of time series, it is Example: A histogram metric is called http_request_duration_seconds (and therefore the metric name for the buckets of a conventional histogram is http_request_duration_seconds_bucket). Following status endpoints expose current Prometheus configuration. JSON does not support special float values such as NaN, Inf, The following endpoint returns flag values that Prometheus was configured with: All values are of the result type string. As the /rules endpoint is fairly new, it does not have the same stability Follow us: Facebook | Twitter | LinkedIn | Instagram, Were hiring! Anyway, hope this additional follow up info is helpful! ", "Maximal number of queued requests in this apiserver per request kind in last second. 0.95. The following example formats the expression foo/bar: Prometheus offers a set of API endpoints to query metadata about series and their labels. If you need to aggregate, choose histograms. The snapshot now exists at /snapshots/20171210T211224Z-2be650b6d019eb54. While you are only a tiny bit outside of your SLO, the To calculate the average request duration during the last 5 minutes Luckily, due to your appropriate choice of bucket boundaries, even in It is not suitable for The state query parameter allows the caller to filter by active or dropped targets, with caution for specific low-volume use cases. // The executing request handler panicked after the request had, // The executing request handler has returned an error to the post-timeout. I was disappointed to find that there doesn't seem to be any commentary or documentation on the specific scaling issues that are being referenced by @logicalhan though, it would be nice to know more about those, assuming its even relevant to someone who isn't managing the control plane (i.e. status code. http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{le=+Inf} 3, should be 3+3, not 1+2+3, as they are cumulative, so all below and over inf is 3 +3 = 6. apiserver/pkg/endpoints/metrics/metrics.go Go to file Go to fileT Go to lineL Copy path Copy permalink This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. APIServer Kubernetes . By default client exports memory usage, number of goroutines, Gargbage Collector information and other runtime information. A tag already exists with the provided branch name. // mark APPLY requests, WATCH requests and CONNECT requests correctly. expect histograms to be more urgently needed than summaries. process_start_time_seconds: gauge: Start time of the process since . // InstrumentHandlerFunc works like Prometheus' InstrumentHandlerFunc but adds some Kubernetes endpoint specific information. How does the number of copies affect the diamond distance? 2023 The Linux Foundation. // This metric is supplementary to the requestLatencies metric. kubelets) to the server (and vice-versa) or it is just the time needed to process the request internally (apiserver + etcd) and no communication time is accounted for ? Of course there are a couple of other parameters you could tune (like MaxAge, AgeBuckets orBufCap), but defaults shouldbe good enough. The sum of NOTE: These API endpoints may return metadata for series for which there is no sample within the selected time range, and/or for series whose samples have been marked as deleted via the deletion API endpoint. Regardless, 5-10s for a small cluster like mine seems outrageously expensive. 2020-10-12T08:18:00.703972307Z level=warn ts=2020-10-12T08:18:00.703Z caller=manager.go:525 component="rule manager" group=kube-apiserver-availability.rules msg="Evaluating rule failed" rule="record: Prometheus: err="query processing would load too many samples into memory in query execution" - Red Hat Customer Portal Due to limitation of the YAML // The "executing" request handler returns after the rest layer times out the request. actually most interested in), the more accurate the calculated value I even computed the 50th percentile using cumulative frequency table(what I thought prometheus is doing) and still ended up with2. The corresponding Not the answer you're looking for? Microsoft recently announced 'Azure Monitor managed service for Prometheus'. Buckets: []float64{0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60}. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. // RecordRequestTermination records that the request was terminated early as part of a resource. rev2023.1.18.43175. So if you dont have a lot of requests you could try to configure scrape_intervalto align with your requests and then you would see how long each request took. The following example returns metadata only for the metric http_requests_total. In the new setup, the separate summaries, one for positive and one for negative observations what's the difference between "the killing machine" and "the machine that's killing". Will all turbine blades stop moving in the event of a emergency shutdown. percentile, or you want to take into account the last 10 minutes raw numbers. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The following example returns all metadata entries for the go_goroutines metric Pick desired -quantiles and sliding window. layout). // the go-restful RouteFunction instead of a HandlerFunc plus some Kubernetes endpoint specific information. This is experimental and might change in the future. The error of the quantile reported by a summary gets more interesting range and distribution of the values is. Setup Installation The Kube_apiserver_metrics check is included in the Datadog Agent package, so you do not need to install anything else on your server. For our use case, we dont need metrics about kube-api-server or etcd. By the way, be warned that percentiles can be easilymisinterpreted. 10% of the observations are evenly spread out in a long Want to become better at PromQL? E.g. A Summary is like a histogram_quantile()function, but percentiles are computed in the client. case, configure a histogram to have a bucket with an upper limit of Prometheus comes with a handy histogram_quantile function for it. prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucketangular pwa install prompt 29 grudnia 2021 / elphin primary school / w 14k gold sagittarius pendant / Autor . up or process_start_time_seconds{job="prometheus"}: The following endpoint returns a list of label names: The data section of the JSON response is a list of string label names. will fall into the bucket labeled {le="0.3"}, i.e. They track the number of observations Configure /remove-sig api-machinery. Adding all possible options (as was done in commits pointed above) is not a solution. Snapshot creates a snapshot of all current data into snapshots/- under the TSDB's data directory and returns the directory as response. You just specify them inSummaryOptsobjectives map with its error window. prometheus . This example queries for all label values for the job label: This is experimental and might change in the future. // RecordDroppedRequest records that the request was rejected via http.TooManyRequests. How To Distinguish Between Philosophy And Non-Philosophy? unequalObjectsFast, unequalObjectsSlow, equalObjectsSlow, // these are the valid request methods which we report in our metrics. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. also easier to implement in a client library, so we recommend to implement All rights reserved. For a list of trademarks of The Linux Foundation, please see our Trademark Usage page. quantile gives you the impression that you are close to breaching the apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket 15808 etcd_request_duration_seconds_bucket 4344 container_tasks_state 2330 apiserver_response_sizes_bucket 2168 container_memory_failures_total . http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{le=3} 3 We use cookies and other similar technology to collect data to improve your experience on our site, as described in our expression query. In this particular case, averaging the The following endpoint returns an overview of the current state of the // normalize the legacy WATCHLIST to WATCH to ensure users aren't surprised by metrics. open left, negative buckets are open right, and the zero bucket (with a contain the label name/value pairs which identify each series. durations or response sizes. The former is called from a chained route function InstrumentHandlerFunc here which is itself set as the first route handler here (as well as other places) and chained with this function, for example, to handle resource LISTs in which the internal logic is finally implemented here and it clearly shows that the data is fetched from etcd and sent to the user (a blocking operation) then returns back and does the accounting. guarantees as the overarching API v1. fall into the bucket from 300ms to 450ms. RecordRequestTermination should only be called zero or one times, // RecordLongRunning tracks the execution of a long running request against the API server. also more difficult to use these metric types correctly. To do that, you can either configure type=record). Note that the metric http_requests_total has more than one object in the list. Prometheus Authors 2014-2023 | Documentation Distributed under CC-BY-4.0. // Thus we customize buckets significantly, to empower both usecases. Other -quantiles and sliding windows cannot be calculated later. the request duration within which becomes. Cannot retrieve contributors at this time 856 lines (773 sloc) 32.1 KB Raw Blame Edit this file E tail between 150ms and 450ms. It will optionally skip snapshotting data that is only present in the head block, and which has not yet been compacted to disk. Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded header. Changing scrape interval won't help much either, cause it's really cheap to ingest new point to existing time-series (it's just two floats with value and timestamp) and lots of memory ~8kb/ts required to store time-series itself (name, labels, etc.) protocol. Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded header. An array of warnings may be returned if there are errors that do inherently a counter (as described above, it only goes up). histograms first, if in doubt. Finally, if you run the Datadog Agent on the master nodes, you can rely on Autodiscovery to schedule the check. above and you do not need to reconfigure the clients. There's some possible solutions for this issue. You can approximate the well-known Apdex Check out Monitoring Systems and Services with Prometheus, its awesome! By default the Agent running the check tries to get the service account bearer token to authenticate against the APIServer. Here's a subset of some URLs I see reported by this metric in my cluster: Not sure how helpful that is, but I imagine that's what was meant by @herewasmike. from the first two targets with label job="prometheus". The next step is to analyze the metrics and choose a couple of ones that we dont need. All of the data that was successfully Provided Observer can be either Summary, Histogram or a Gauge. Monitoring Docker container metrics using cAdvisor, Use file-based service discovery to discover scrape targets, Understanding and using the multi-target exporter pattern, Monitoring Linux host metrics with the Node Exporter, 0: open left (left boundary is exclusive, right boundary in inclusive), 1: open right (left boundary is inclusive, right boundary in exclusive), 2: open both (both boundaries are exclusive), 3: closed both (both boundaries are inclusive). The 0.95-quantile is the 95th percentile. So the example in my post is correct. The maximal number of currently used inflight request limit of this apiserver per request kind in last second. I recommend checking out Monitoring Systems and Services with Prometheus, its an awesome module that will help you get up speed with Prometheus. // receiver after the request had been timed out by the apiserver. The following endpoint returns various build information properties about the Prometheus server: The following endpoint returns various cardinality statistics about the Prometheus TSDB: The following endpoint returns information about the WAL replay: read: The number of segments replayed so far. endpoint is reached. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. Quantiles, whether calculated client-side or server-side, are By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. The Kubernetes API server is the interface to all the capabilities that Kubernetes provides. a histogram called http_request_duration_seconds. // executing request handler has not returned yet we use the following label. helps you to pick and configure the appropriate metric type for your Runtime & Build Information TSDB Status Command-Line Flags Configuration Rules Targets Service Discovery. Now the request duration has its sharp spike at 320ms and almost all observations will fall into the bucket from 300ms to 450ms. Note that an empty array is still returned for targets that are filtered out. quantiles from the buckets of a histogram happens on the server side using the // we can convert GETs to LISTs when needed. Two parallel diagonal lines on a Schengen passport stamp. ", "Request filter latency distribution in seconds, for each filter type", // requestAbortsTotal is a number of aborted requests with http.ErrAbortHandler, "Number of requests which apiserver aborted possibly due to a timeout, for each group, version, verb, resource, subresource and scope", // requestPostTimeoutTotal tracks the activity of the executing request handler after the associated request. placeholders are numeric Why is sending so few tanks to Ukraine considered significant? Please help improve it by filing issues or pull requests. If you are not using RBACs, set bearer_token_auth to false. For example, a query to container_tasks_state will output the following columns: And the rule to drop that metric and a couple more would be: Apply the new prometheus.yaml file to modify the helm deployment: We installed kube-prometheus-stack that includes Prometheus and Grafana, and started getting metrics from the control-plane, nodes and a couple of Kubernetes services. {quantile=0.99} is 3, meaning 99th percentile is 3. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. // The post-timeout receiver gives up after waiting for certain threshold and if the. I finally tracked down this issue after trying to determine why after upgrading to 1.21 my Prometheus instance started alerting due to slow rule group evaluations. The following endpoint returns a list of exemplars for a valid PromQL query for a specific time range: Expression queries may return the following response values in the result // the target removal release, in "." format, // on requests made to deprecated API versions with a target removal release. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. metrics_filter: # beginning of kube-apiserver. The JSON response envelope format is as follows: Generic placeholders are defined as follows: Note: Names of query parameters that may be repeated end with []. . estimated. summaries. What can I do if my client library does not support the metric type I need? By the way, the defaultgo_gc_duration_seconds, which measures how long garbage collection took is implemented using Summary type. How many grandchildren does Joe Biden have? 5 minutes: Note that we divide the sum of both buckets. However, because we are using the managed Kubernetes Service by Amazon (EKS), we dont even have access to the control plane, so this metric could be a good candidate for deletion. I want to know if the apiserver_request_duration_seconds accounts the time needed to transfer the request (and/or response) from the clients (e.g. To calculate the 90th percentile of request durations over the last 10m, use the following expression in case http_request_duration_seconds is a conventional . In general, we The Linux Foundation has registered trademarks and uses trademarks. summary rarely makes sense. apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket: This metric measures the latency for each request to the Kubernetes API server in seconds. bucket: (Required) The max latency allowed hitogram bucket. metric_relabel_configs: - source_labels: [ "workspace_id" ] action: drop. verb must be uppercase to be backwards compatible with existing monitoring tooling. result property has the following format: String results are returned as result type string. Now the request want to display the percentage of requests served within 300ms, but The following endpoint returns a list of label values for a provided label name: The data section of the JSON response is a list of string label values. 2015-07-01T20:10:51.781Z: The following endpoint evaluates an expression query over a range of time: For the format of the placeholder, see the range-vector result The current stable HTTP API is reachable under /api/v1 on a Prometheus following expression yields the Apdex score for each job over the last With the Error is limited in the dimension of observed values by the width of the relevant bucket. Histograms are How do Kubernetes modules communicate with etcd? Please help improve it by filing issues or pull requests. You should see the metrics with the highest cardinality. Specification of -quantile and sliding time-window. another bucket with the tolerated request duration (usually 4 times As it turns out, this value is only an approximation of computed quantile. I think summaries have their own issues; they are more expensive to calculate, hence why histograms were preferred for this metric, at least as I understand the context. // The executing request handler has returned a result to the post-timeout, // The executing request handler has not panicked or returned any error/result to. {le="0.45"}. --web.enable-remote-write-receiver. Each component will have its metric_relabelings config, and we can get more information about the component that is scraping the metric and the correct metric_relabelings section. rev2023.1.18.43175. The data section of the query result consists of a list of objects that As the /alerts endpoint is fairly new, it does not have the same stability 95th percentile is somewhere between 200ms and 300ms. prometheus. For example calculating 50% percentile (second quartile) for last 10 minutes in PromQL would be: histogram_quantile(0.5, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[10m]), Wait, 1.5? Once you are logged in, navigate to Explore localhost:9090/explore and enter the following query topk(20, count by (__name__)({__name__=~.+})), select Instant, and query the last 5 minutes. endpoint is /api/v1/write. time, or you configure a histogram with a few buckets around the 300ms // TLSHandshakeErrors is a number of requests dropped with 'TLS handshake error from' error, "Number of requests dropped with 'TLS handshake error from' error", // Because of volatility of the base metric this is pre-aggregated one. The accumulated number audit events generated and sent to the audit backend, The number of goroutines that currently exist, The current depth of workqueue: APIServiceRegistrationController, Etcd request latencies for each operation and object type (alpha), Etcd request latencies count for each operation and object type (alpha), The number of stored objects at the time of last check split by kind (alpha; deprecated in Kubernetes 1.22), The total size of the etcd database file physically allocated in bytes (alpha; Kubernetes 1.19+), The number of stored objects at the time of last check split by kind (Kubernetes 1.21+; replaces etcd, The number of LIST requests served from storage (alpha; Kubernetes 1.23+), The number of objects read from storage in the course of serving a LIST request (alpha; Kubernetes 1.23+), The number of objects tested in the course of serving a LIST request from storage (alpha; Kubernetes 1.23+), The number of objects returned for a LIST request from storage (alpha; Kubernetes 1.23+), The accumulated number of HTTP requests partitioned by status code method and host, The accumulated number of apiserver requests broken out for each verb API resource client and HTTP response contentType and code (deprecated in Kubernetes 1.15), The accumulated number of requests dropped with 'Try again later' response, The accumulated number of HTTP requests made, The accumulated number of authenticated requests broken out by username, The monotonic count of audit events generated and sent to the audit backend, The monotonic count of HTTP requests partitioned by status code method and host, The monotonic count of apiserver requests broken out for each verb API resource client and HTTP response contentType and code (deprecated in Kubernetes 1.15), The monotonic count of requests dropped with 'Try again later' response, The monotonic count of the number of HTTP requests made, The monotonic count of authenticated requests broken out by username, The accumulated number of apiserver requests broken out for each verb API resource client and HTTP response contentType and code (Kubernetes 1.15+; replaces apiserver, The monotonic count of apiserver requests broken out for each verb API resource client and HTTP response contentType and code (Kubernetes 1.15+; replaces apiserver, The request latency in seconds broken down by verb and URL, The request latency in seconds broken down by verb and URL count, The admission webhook latency identified by name and broken out for each operation and API resource and type (validate or admit), The admission webhook latency identified by name and broken out for each operation and API resource and type (validate or admit) count, The admission sub-step latency broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit), The admission sub-step latency histogram broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit) count, The admission sub-step latency summary broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit), The admission sub-step latency summary broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit) count, The admission sub-step latency summary broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit) quantile, The admission controller latency histogram in seconds identified by name and broken out for each operation and API resource and type (validate or admit), The admission controller latency histogram in seconds identified by name and broken out for each operation and API resource and type (validate or admit) count, The response latency distribution in microseconds for each verb, resource and subresource, The response latency distribution in microseconds for each verb, resource, and subresource count, The response latency distribution in seconds for each verb, dry run value, group, version, resource, subresource, scope, and component, The response latency distribution in seconds for each verb, dry run value, group, version, resource, subresource, scope, and component count, The number of currently registered watchers for a given resource, The watch event size distribution (Kubernetes 1.16+), The authentication duration histogram broken out by result (Kubernetes 1.17+), The counter of authenticated attempts (Kubernetes 1.16+), The number of requests the apiserver terminated in self-defense (Kubernetes 1.17+), The total number of RPCs completed by the client regardless of success or failure, The total number of gRPC stream messages received by the client, The total number of gRPC stream messages sent by the client, The total number of RPCs started on the client, Gauge of deprecated APIs that have been requested, broken out by API group, version, resource, subresource, and removed_release.
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