henry flagler daughter

Stately and serious, genteel and generous some have even referred to him as "Uncle Henry.". Flagler and Dan Harkness remained friends and business associates and, in 1852, they opened a distillery. Flagler dredged a channel, built streets, instituted the first water and power systems, and financed the city's first newspaper, The Metropolis. He was also a key figure in the development of the Atlantic coast of Florida and founder of the Florida East Coast Railway. Those first two seasons during which Flagler hosted an innumerable amount of parties, electric light displays, and opulent dinners (all of which were accompanied by music from the best musicians of the time) were met with eager approval by guests and the press. Version accessed: St. Augustine, FL: Historic Print & Map Company, 2004. See more ideas about flagler, key west, florida. A major New York refiner, Charles Pratt and Company, headed by Charles Pratt and Henry H. Rogers, led the opposition to this plan, and railroads soon backed off. Zacharra worked in England for several years before moving to Dutchess County, New York, in 1710. Throughout it all, Mary was made to brave her condition without her husband, who had taken to staying at the Buckingham Hotel in New York, completely immersed in the business of Standard Oil. [citation needed], By the end of the American Civil War, Cleveland was one of the five main refining centers in the U.S. (besides Pittsburgh, New York City, Philadelphia, and the region in northwestern Pennsylvania where most of the oil originated). Two years later, he expanded his Florida holdings. Flagler's affiliation with the Harkness family would have a fortuitous effect upon his future. The same year that she arrived in New York, her doctors insisted that she spend the winter in a kinder climate. He became known as the Father of Miami, Florida. The railroads were fighting fiercely for traffic and, in an attempt to create a cartel to control freight rates, formed the South Improvement Company in collusion with Standard and other oil men outside the main oil centers. Along with cheques and stocks, Flagler also gifted his wife with a new estate in Palm Beach, Florida. [51] In 1901, Flagler bribed the Florida Legislature and Governor to pass a law that made incurable insanity grounds for divorce, opening the way for Flagler to remarry. Congress concluded that newspapers in Florida and across the South spread the deceitful news against Flagler. At the age of 14, after completing the eighth grade, Flagler moved to Bellevue, Ohio where he found work with his cousins in the grain store of L.G. The Standard Guide to St. Augustine. In 1897, Flagler opened the exclusive Royal Palm Hotel on the north bank of the Miami River where it overlooked Biscayne Bay. At least, not yet. Mary Flagler Cary (1901-1967) was the daughter of Harry Harkness Flagler, and granddaughter of Henry Morrison Flagler, one of the founders of Standard Oil. 3 episodes. 2. As our little daughter is only 8 month old we wanted to provide her a sheltered place to sit in in the 25 degrees and we wanted to visit the house while we swap over looking after her as . But Standard Oil adapted, developing its own European presence, expanding into natural gas production in the U.S., then into gasoline for automobiles, which until then had been considered a waste product. Showing 1-6 of 6. whereas said Henry M. Flagler has recently lost by death a beloved daughter and in affectionate remembrance of her has been desirous of erecting some worthy monument to her Memory and believing that nothing should be more accordant with her known wishes and the tenor of her life on earth than that such Memorial should be a temple devoted to the worship of God and the teaching of that living faith in which she lived and died has erected in the City of St. Augustine a church edifice in loving . 1. [3], Flagler attended local schools through eighth grade. Today, when you ask someone if they know about Henry Flagler, they are likely to answer with a shake of their head and a shrug. That craze mounted when two months later, Flagler filed for divorce in Dade County and was granted such on August 13th, 1901. St. Augustine, FL: The St. Augustine Historical Society. Those who failed to fulfill these expectations were often punished for it. Louis Comfort Tiffany (who was about ten years into his monumental career) was hired to decorate the hotel and craft its windows. Control of the Flagler fortune largely passed into the hands of Mary Lily Kenan's family of sisters and brother, who survived into the 1960s. Perhaps those years after the Civil War were what imbued Flagler with his infamously shrewd business practices. [29] Robert Nobel had established his own refining enterprise in the abundant and cheaper Russian oil fields, including the region's first pipeline and the world's first oil tanker. Ida Alice Shourds became Ida Alice Shourds Flagler in June of 1883 and moved into the Flagler family home the day after their wedding. The top-ranked Kenan-Flagler Business School at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is named for Flagler and his wife, who was an early benefactor of UNC along with her family and descendants. Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 - May 20, 1913) was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil, which was first based in Ohio. Flagler and Rockefeller then decided to issue certificates against oil stored in Standard Oil's pipelines. Education "1892-A Year of Crucial Decisions in Florida", This page was last edited on 2 December 2022, at 15:49. He found that salt mining required more technical knowledge than he had and struggled in the industry during the Civil War. In 1853 Mary married Henry Morrison Flagler and together they were parents of three children. [2] Flagler's mother was Elizabeth Caldwell Harkness Flagler, Isaac's third wife and a widow who had a stepson, Stephen V. Harkness, and a son, Daniel M. Harkness, from her marriage to deceased widower David Harkness of Milan, Ohio. Harry, her son, was eleven years old. This 'FEC' project had been underway since the late 1880s, when Flagler purchased the St. Augustine & Halifax Railroad in Jacksonville. He became president of the Symphony Society of New York in 1914 . It added its own pipelines, tank cars, and home delivery network. However, this building's history is tragic and short. The rumor mill suspected that this change in priorities was due to Henry's association with one Ida Alice Shourds a red-haired, green-eyed actress who was rumored to have been Mary Harkness Flagler's nursemaid during her final years. . [13] Eventually, even former antagonists Pratt and Rogers saw the futility of continuing to compete against Standard Oil: in 1874, they made a secret agreement with their old nemesis to be acquired. "The Mary Lily Kenan Conspiracy." Henry Morrison Flagler (1830 - 1913) Henry Morrison Flagler Born 2 Jan 1830 in Hopewell, Ontario, New York, USA Ancestors Son of Isaac Flagler and Elizabeth (Caldwell) Flagler Brother of Stephen Vanderburgh Harkness [half] and Daniel Morrison Harkness [half] Husband of Mary (Harkness) Flagler married 9 Nov 1853 (to 18 May 1881) in Huron, Ohio A railroad and oil magnate who laid claim to Florida's east coast. Enamoured by what Henry Flagler had been up to down south, droves of rich tourists made that harrowing journey to St. Augustine. His project to connect the east coast of the United States from top to bottom was completed when the first Florida East Coast Railway car pulled into Key West in 1912. From there on out, Dr. Anderson was a major supporter and confidant of Henry Flagler, often acting as his business liaison in St. Augustine when Flagler was out of town. As he grew older, he became determined to never be poor again. He was born on January 2, 1830 and his birthplace is Hopewell, NY. In February of 1885, the couple took a delayed honeymoon to St. Augustine Ida Alice was thirty-seven and Henry Flagler was fifty-five. The swamplands south of Savannah were thought of as a dangerous land of rugged enchantment where alligators lurked in the shadows and strange miasme was thought to carry diseases like yellow fever through the damp air. [citation needed], Flagler's third wife, Mary Lily Kenan Flagler Bingham was born in North Carolina. There is also a monument to him on Flagler Monument Island in Biscayne Bay in Miami; Flagler College and Flagler Hospital are named after him in St. Augustine. The accommodation features a satellite TV. [21], Standard Oil gradually gained almost complete control of oil refining and marketing in the United States through horizontal integration. It soon was doing one tenth of all the petroleum business in the United States. Henry Morrison Flagler was born on January 2, 1830 in Hopewell, New York, to Reverend and Mrs. Isaac Flagler. Pennsylvania revoked the cartel's charter, and non-preferential rates were restored for the time being. Originally published by E.H. Reynolds in St. Augustine Florida, 1892. Tarbell's father had been driven out of the oil business during the South Improvement Company affair. She left the millions she inherited to members of her family and to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He declined the honor, persuading them to use an old Indian name, "Mayaimi". After her husband died, Julia and her children returned to Ft. Dallas and purchased 640 acres on the north shore of the Miami River. [32] More threatening to Standard's power was the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, originally used to control unions, but later central to the breakup of the Standard Oil trust. After two years of institutionalization and much assessment by the courts, Ida Alice Shourds Flagler was legally ruled incurably insane in 1899. [citation needed], In 1862, Flagler and his brother-in-law Barney Hamlin York (18331884) founded the Flagler and York Salt Company, a salt mining and production business in Saginaw, Michigan. His mother was Elizabeth Caldwell Morrison Harkness. He is known as the father of Miami, Florida and also founded Palm Beach, Florida. Due to the harsh working and living conditions in the railway construction camps, many workers became victims of debt slavery. However, the boom did not last. [citation needed][66], "Henry M. Flagler" redirects here. VisitStAugustine.com. They had 3 children: Maud Aiken and 2 other children. In the case of Henry Flagler's life, it seems his personal troubles compounded in the 1890s. I wish I had the brains to think of it. He is known as the father of Miami, Florida, and founded the city of Palm Beach. Two years after her death, he married her nurse, Ida Alice Shourds. Henry Flagler and his wife Ida Alice traveled to Jacksonville, Florida for their honeymoon. By 1880, according to the New York World, Standard Oil was "the most cruel, impudent, pitiless, and grasping monopoly that ever fastened upon a country. While in this state he met his good pastor, to whom, being soundly upbraided for his condition, he replied, 'I've been giving all my days to the Lord hitherto, and now I'm taking one for myself. As a gift to Kenan, Flagler built Whitehall, a 55-room winter getaway in Palm Beach. Mary Harkness had been frail since childhood and her father often sent to a boarding school Savannah, Georgia as a means of sparing her from harsh northern winters. When son Harry Harkness Flagler was born in December of 1870, Mary's frail health was greatly weakened by giving birth. If you ask the same question in Florida, most people will have known someone who lives on Flagler Blvd., in Flagler County, or down the road from the Flagler Museum. Indeed, Mary Harkness Flagler's ailments first brought Henry Flagler to Far Florida. Flagler renamed it the Hotel Cordova, after the street that it was on. "Henry M. Flagler's Hotel Ponce de Len.". Flagler encouraged fruit farming and settlement along his railway line and made many gifts to build hospitals, churches and schools in Florida. By the end of this field trip, we hope will you have an understanding of who Henry Flagler was, and the great impact he had on the state of Florida! He later joined Daniel in a grain business started with his uncle Lamon in Bellevue, Ohio. Despite (or perhaps because of) the tragic death of the mother of his children, Henry Flagler poured himself into the business of Standard Oil. Along with the Ponce de Leon Hotel complex (which included four buildings in total), Flagler was also spending money on the construction of several other projects, including an estate for himself and his second wife, Ida Alice Flagler. (2022). Flagler County, Florida, Flagler Beach, Florida and Flagler, Colorado are also named for him. He used convict leasing "a method undertaken by the Southern States to replace the economic setup of slavery"[47] to modernize the existing railroads, allowing them to accommodate heavier loads and more traffic.[48]. [25] The public and the press were immediately suspicious of this new legal entity, and other businesses seized upon the idea and emulated it, further inflaming public sentiment. In 1885, Standard Oil moved its corporate headquarters to New York City to the iconic 26 Broadway location. Flagler originally intended West Palm Beach to be the terminus of his railroad system, but in 1894 and 1895, severe freezes hit the area, causing Flagler to reconsider. Ida. Soon after, though, Mary and Harry followed. [52] A spouse's mental incapacity was later restored by the legislature as a grounds for dissolution of marriage, and remains the law of Florida today. What happened to Henry Flagler's daughter? Please disable your ad blocker to view the video content. She married Melbert Cary in 1923, and they lived in New York City and Millbrook, NY. [41] Standard Oil's combined assets equalled approximately $42,882,650 (equivalent to $1.29billion in 2021[6]) in Indiana, Kentucky, New Jersey, New York and Ohio. Henry M. Flagler, in full Henry Morrison Flagler, (born January 2, 1830, Hopewell, New York, U.S.died May 20, 1913, West Palm Beach, Florida), American financier and partner of John D. Rockefeller, Sr., in establishing the Standard Oil Company. The visionary widow from Ohio bought hundreds of acres at what is now Downtown Miami, moved down on a barge, and eventually convinced railroad man Henry Flagler to extend his new railway to the Miami River by sending him an unusual package. After a few short weeks, the family all moved back to New York, much to the detriment of Mary Harkness Flagler's health, which got progressively worse in the coming years. Was Colonel Henry Ostrom's first wife Elizabeth FLAGLER? Visually exquisite, the Flagler Memorial Presbyterian Church was built by Henry Flagler in 1889. Flagler engaged Thomas Hastings and Jean Carrere of the Carrere & Hastings architectural firm to design the hotel. He returned to St. Augustine in 1885 and made Smith an offer. Though Flagler and Rockefeller had long maintained a policy of active silence with the press, they decided to make themselves more accessible and responded with conciliatory comments such as "capital and labor are both wild forces which require intelligent legislation to hold them in restriction. [25] The "trust" was a corporation of corporations, and the entity's size and wealth drew much attention. This touched off a firestorm of protest from independent oil well owners, including boycotts and vandalism, which eventually led to the discovery of Standard Oil's part in the deal. [39] According to Allan Nevins, in John D. Rockefeller (p 292), "Standard Oil was born as a big enterprise, it had cut its teeth as a partnership and was now ready to plunge forward into a period of greater expansion and development. It had become the richest, biggest, most feared business in the world, seemingly immune to the boom and bust of the business cycle, consistently racking up profits year after year. [22] Despite improving the quality and availability of kerosene products while greatly reducing their cost to the public (the price of kerosene dropped by nearly 80% over the life of the company), Standard Oil's business practices created intense controversy. The railroad was financially unable to rebuild the destroyed sections, so the roadbed and remaining bridges were sold to the State of Florida, which built the Overseas Highway to Key West, using much of the remaining railway infrastructure. [33] Ohio was especially vigorous in applying its state anti-trust laws, and finally forced a separation of Standard Oil of Ohio from the rest of the company in 1892, the first step in the dissolution of the trust. The voyage was harrowing and long northern tourists traveled by railroad, steamship, and mule-driven omnibus. Rogers, in particular, became one of Flagler and Rockefeller's key men in the formation of the Standard Oil Trust. It was due largely to the efforts of Henry M. Flagler and John D. [34] Although her work prompted a huge backlash against the company, Tarbell claims to have been surprised at its magnitude. He himself is located to the side of them. His half-brother Daniel had left Hopewell to live and work with his paternal uncle Lamon G. Harkness, who had a store in Republic, Ohio. Last (and perhaps most importantly), the truth is a hard thing to garner when it comes to what happened in the past even harder than it is today. Luckily, the couple found the city to be even more promising than before. He invested with the guidance of Dr. Andrew Anderson, a native of St. Augustine. After his first wife's death, Flagler developed a . Nothing major just language that "[made] incurable insanity a ground for divorce.". He was best known for being a Entrepreneur. Middle child Carrie died just before Christmas in the same year that Henry's mother died (1861). All this is to say that the winter and spring of 1885 were life-changing for Henry Flagler and his circle. "[35], Flagler and Rockefeller continued to consolidate their oil interests as best they could until New Jersey, in 1909, changed its incorporation laws to effectively allow a re-creation of the trust in the form of a single holding company. The couple traveled to St. Augustine, Florida, which they . His attention was consumed by the business of his hotel chains and expanding railroad empire. During the early 1880s, Flagler outsourced the care of young Harry to his half-sister Carrie and daughter Jennie Louise. Henry Flagler, son of a Presbyterian minister, had Memorial Presbyterian Church built in memory of his daughter Jennie Louise Flagler Benedict and her newborn daughter Margery, both of whom died in 1889. The state provided incentive in the form of 3,840 acres (15.5km2) for every mile (1.6km) of track constructed.[49]. Dr. George G. Shelton, a graduate of New York's Homeopathic Medical College, was assisted by three nurses when Henry Flagler's daughter Jennie Louise Benedict died in 1889 following post-partum complications while journeying to visit her father on board the yacht Oneida headed to St. Augustine. During this time he worked to pay back his stepbrother. [43], When Flagler's first wife Mary (ne Harkness) fell sick, his physician recommended they travel to Jacksonville for the winter to escape the brutal conditions of the North. What kind of a man was Henry Flagler and why do you think this? Jul 1, 2020 - Explore Patricia Cipolla's board "Henry Flagler" on Pinterest. 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